当底特律市7月提起破产保护时，从海岸到海岸听到了大炮拍摄。美国各国和市政当局遭受重大预算不足;自20世纪70年代以来并非如此，公民财政觉得如此脆弱。养老金成本上升是问题的重要贡献者。结合2008年经济崩溃及其后果，这些费用已经将整个7万亿美元的福利退休系统以及数百万工人和退休人员陷入困境。
Against that backdrop亚博赞助欧冠has compiled its inaugural ranking of the 40 most important players in the fight for — and against — defined benefit pensions. The Pension 40 covers not only public pensions but corporate and Taft-Hartley, or multiemployer, plans. After more than six months of research and reporting, we identified the people who are doing the most to tackle the pension problem, including reformers with new ideas.
The 2013Pension 40Click name to view ranking profile.
| Rank | 名称/公司 |
| 1 | Randi Weingarten 美国联邦 教师 |
| 2 | Rahm Emanuel 芝加哥 |
| 3 | John andLaura Arnold Laura and John Arnold Foundation |
| 4 | Joshua Gotbaum. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. |
| 5 | 大卫靴子 Boies, Schiller & Flexner |
| 6 | Damon Silvers AFL-CIO |
| 7 | Kevyn Orr Detroit |
| 8 | Laurence Fink BlackRock |
| 9 | 汤姆哈林 Iowa |
| 10 | Randy DeFrehn National Coordinating Committee for Multiemployer Plans |
| 11 | 吉娜莱蒙多 罗德岛 |
| 12 | 凯特琳长 Morgan Stanley |
| 13 | Phyllis Borzi U.S. Departmentof Labor |
| 14 | Carl DeMaio U.S. House of Representatives |
| 15 | Jordan Marks National Public Pension Coalition |
| 16 | 凯文de León California |
| 17 | orrin hatch. Utah |
| 18 | Daniel Loeb Third Point |
| 19 | Joshua Rauh Stanford Graduate School of Business |
| 20 | 泰德惠勒 俄勒冈州 |
| 21 | Keith Ambachtsheer University of Toronto |
| 22 | 苏珊urahn. Pew Charitable Trusts |
| 23 | Damon Thayer Kentucky Legislature |
| 24 | Christopher Klein U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of California |
| 25 | David Blitzstein. United Food and Commercial Workers International Union |
| 26 | Chuck Reed San Jose |
| 27 | Mark Iwry U.S. Treasury Department |
| 28 | Alejandro García Padilla Puerto Rico |
| 29 | Pat Quinn Illinois |
| 30 | Gary Knapp. Prudential Fixed Income |
| 31 | 格雷戈里弗洛伊德 Teamsters Local 237, New York |
| 32 | Tom Corbett Pennsylvania |
| 33 | Alicia Munnell 波士顿学院 |
| 34 | David Oaten Pacific Global Advisors |
| 35 | 克里斯麦克西 Vanguard Group |
| 36 | David (Phil) Roe 田纳西州 |
| 37 | Jack Marco Marco Consulting Group |
| 38 | David Villa State of Wisconsin Investment Board |
| 39 | Ari Jacobs Aon Hewitt. |
| 40 | Richard Shea 卡温顿&修布 |
The list spans the political right and left, academics, activists, investment managers and advisers, and elected and appointed officials. Some names, such asAlicia Munnell(No. 33), director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, merit inclusion for their years of work on retirement security. Others, like Detroit emergency managerKevyn Orr（第7号），制作清单，因为最近的事件已经将它们推向养老金磨损。
（点击这里观看IIEditor Michael Peltz discuss the ranking on CNBC's Squawk Box.)
With more than $1.5 trillion in pension assets, public schoolteachers are on the front lines of the defined benefit battle. The formidableRandi Weingarten, president of the American Federation of Teachers, takes the No. 1 spot in our ranking. Joining Weingarten in the trenches is labor movement stalwartDamon Silvers(No. 6), AFL-CIO special counsel.
In Illinois, Chicago MayorRahm Emanuel(No. 2) is seeking pension reform for his city and his state. In Rhode Island, State Treasurer吉娜莱蒙多(No. 11) pushed through comprehensive changes that have helped open up a second front in the pension wars: the U.S. court system. “Pension reform is one of the two or three most serious economic problems this country is facing,” says大卫靴子（第5号），苏利勒＆Flexner律师事业邦主席;他代表了罗德岛。
对冲基金管理人员和活动家支持减少或取代界定福利养老金基金的群体引起了急剧批评;其中最突出的是John Arnold and his wife, Laura(No. 3). In the $2.8 trillion private pension sector, there’s less drama but no less conviction. Would-be peacemakers include California State Senator凯文de León(No. 16), who spearheaded landmark pension legislation. Even on Capitol Hill, not known for its fiscal collegiality, bipartisan efforts to save pensions are under way.
养老金40是在机构投资者编辑团队的方向下创建的。亚博赞助欧冠个人档案是由副主编Ben Baris编写的;高级作家弗朗西斯丹麦，伊莫蒂 - 史密斯和朱莉塞戈尔;编辑研究助理乔治纳赫斯特。