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Why the Janus-Henderson Deal Was Just the Beginning
积极管理者的艰难时期让银行家们预测并购将出现上升。
今年夏天,太平洋投资管理公司(PIMCO)聘请伊曼纽尔•罗曼(Emmanuel)担任首席执行官,标志着该公司进入了一个新纪元,这家公司长期以来一直被其直言不讳的创始人、前债券大王比尔•格罗斯(Bill Gross)所认同。格罗斯从一开始就投资了1.5万亿美元的太平洋投资管理公司(PIMCO),并在2014年因怨恨而离职,他首先是一位投资者。法国博学家曼尼·罗曼是一位商业建设者和交易撮合者。上世纪80年代中期,他在加入对冲基金公司GLG Partners之前,就在高盛(Goldman Sachs)的大宗经纪公司开始了自己的职业生涯;2010年,他是策划GLG向Man集团出售的关键人物。市场猜测,加入太平洋投资管理公司后,罗曼搬到纽波特海滩,不是为了晒太阳,而是为了再谈几笔交易。
资产管理投行人士预计,未来12至18个月,传统投资管理公司的并购活动将有所上升。事实上,这已经开始了。
总部位于伦敦的亨德森集团(Henderson Group)10月宣布与美国资金管理公司Janus Capital Group合并。亨德森首席执行官安德鲁福米卡(Andrew Formica)表示,自2008年以来,资产管理公司面临的挑战不断加深。成本上升了,客户的购买行为也发生了变化:“他们要求更高的透明度、更深入、更少的合作伙伴。”福米卡指出,即使是优秀的管理者也发现,要成为一家独立的精品店已不再容易。“客户要求的不仅仅是性能。没有被收购的经理人可能会很快枯萎和死亡。”
导致资产管理公司聚在一起取暖的最有力的趋势之一是指数化和定量投资方法的发展。此外,监管和技术变革影响了企业的分销方式,就技术而言,影响了企业创造高于市场回报的能力。在创纪录的低利率和标普500指数(S&p500)的狂飙中,主动管理层的回报率大多很低,很少有公司能持续超越被动管理层。一些优秀的精品店或许能够自己发扬光大。对其他人来说,丛林法则是适用的。
For midsize active managers, this means finding a partner, courting acquisition by a larger firm, developing new distribution networks or products — or watching market share diminish. Even behemoths like PIMCO need to grow their footprint, experts say.
作为经理卡位在新世界order, Ju-Hon Kwek, a partner with consulting firm McKinsey & Co., says that the asset manager league tables will look very different in five to ten years’ time. In a November white paper, “Thriving in the New Abnormal: North American Asset Management,” Kwek identified trends transforming the business, such as the end of 30 years of exceptional returns, a shake-up in active management with investors favoring low-cost providers, still more money moving into alternative investments, a true digital revolution in asset management, and heightened regulation. M&A is a vital element of managers’ response to these challenges as they seek new expertise or distribution platforms. Goldman Sachs sees similar shifts at work in the U.K. and continental Europe.
OM资产管理公司和先锋投资公司是当今市场上的两家公司。OM总部位于伦敦的母公司Old Mutual今年初宣布,计划将旗下的四项业务进行战略分离,其中包括管理层经理。据报道,今年5月,Old Mutual曾接近与下属经理人集团达成一项交易,但谈判以失败告终。先锋号在今年早些时候被重新启用,这是六年来的第二次。其母公司意大利联合信贷银行(UniCredit)——也是意大利最大的贷款机构——正被迫出售这家价值2420亿美元的资产管理公司,因为一场全国性的银行业危机正在恶化。此次撤资是联合信贷银行战略业务评估的一部分,预计其结果将于6月1日公布December 13.
Aberdeen Asset Management is among the U.K. asset managers considered to be possible acquisition targets, although CEO Martin Gilbert has called independence a business advantage. “I’ve never tried to sell the business, but we do get a lot of people wanting to buy us,” he admitted on Bloomberg TV in May (utterly failing to dampen speculation). “So far, we have managed to resist. There has been a lot of interest, but being independent is a massive benefit to us.”
In September, Goldman downgraded Aberdeen to a sell rating, pointing to concerns that recent fund flows into emerging markets — a particular strength of Aberdeen — have benefited ETFs far more than mutual funds, volatility in Aberdeen’s flagship funds, and Gilbert’s own sale of around 69 percent of his unrestricted stock in the company. If Aberdeen does not sell, it could look to acquire new businesses, as it has in the recent past, to build out its fund offerings.
另一个传闻中的合并竞争者是总部设在英国的木星资产管理公司。在本案中,副主席、前首席信息官兼首席执行官爱德华·博纳姆·卡特(英国女演员海伦娜·博纳姆·卡特的哥哥)一再坚称并非如此。一些银行家仍将Jupiter视为可能的人选,称其品牌质量和业绩记录是理想的资产。然而,也有人说,正是这些属性意味着木星可能是少数几个能够继续策划自己的路线的精品店之一。
Firms currently in an acquisitive frame of mind include HSBC and Amundi. Paris-based Amundi, which was formed in 2010 as a joint subsidiary between French banks Crédit Agricole and Société Générale and went public in 2015, has an excess of €1.5 billion ($1.91 billion) in cash on its books. In 2013 it bought Smith Breeden Associates, a play to enhance its fixed-income business and build U.S. market share.
Japanese and Chinese banks, asset managers, and insurers are other potential candidates for deals and partnerships as these institutions look to move into the U.S. and Europe while non-Asian money managers seek to develop a greater footprint and, importantly, distribution in the growing Asian marketplace.
With 2016 almost in the bag, the investment banking league tables are virtually complete. While 2016 has not been a record year in deal volume, it seems a harbinger of things to come. Through mid-November, 272 asset management M&A deals were announced, with a total value of $37.5 billion, according to Dealogic. The largest of the year at that point was Banco Santander’s $2.9 billion purchase of a 50 percent stake in Santander Asset Management, followed by the $2.8 billion Janus–Henderson union. But then, on December 12, Amundi announced a $3.8 billion all-cash offer to buy Pioneer.
正如两位ceo所观察到的那样,Janus-Henderson的合并提供了近乎完美的产品和市场协同效应。这两项业务相辅相成,几乎没有重叠,这项交易使合并后的公司能够进入全球市场。在亚洲,Janus与第一人寿保险公司(Dai-ichi Life Insurance Co.)建立了合作关系。第一人寿保险公司是日本最大的上市寿险公司,也是第一大股东。这样的合并似乎是其他管理者复制的模式,但成功最终将取决于两家公司有意义的整合。
绩效是许多传统的积极管理者想要结婚时紧跟在他们身后的狗。一份又一份报告显示,平均活跃经理人在扣除费用后未能超越指数。最近,英国监管机构金融行为管理局严厉批评了该国的行业,说:“我们的证据表明,积极管理的投资在成本上不如基准。可供散户投资者使用的基金在扣除成本后表现不佳,而可供养老金计划和其他机构投资者使用的产品所获得的回报并不明显高于基准亚博赞助欧冠基准.”
太平洋投资管理公司(PIMCO)首席执行官罗曼总体上同意这一评估。2013年10月,作为替代品公司Man Group的负责人,Roman录制了一段关于运气与技能的TEDx演讲。他认为,共同基金行业业绩不佳的一个原因可能是,最有技能的投资者在对冲基金和另类基金工作。现在,在太平洋投资管理公司,罗曼需要多样化。收购一位活跃的股票经理,或者更有可能收购个人股票团队,可能是这家仍持有大量债券的公司的一条道路。另一个举措是投资于替代品业务。罗马人很熟悉的一家公司突然出现在脑海中:810亿人的集团。