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将现有资产与未来负债匹配

An Institutional Investor Sponsored Report on LDI

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    While low interest rates and market underperformance have hurt pension plans funded status in recent months, LDI strategies continue to help meet overall objectives, even with a slowdown in glide path de-risking.霍华德摩尔

    LDI(责任驱动投资)是用于管理当前投资资产的框架,以满足未来的负债,并由裁定养老金计划的约75%的实施。自2008年金融危机以来,计划受到低利率和股票市场波动的挑战。总体而言,其资金状况比例,他们能够覆盖的未来负债的百分比已从2007年的105.3%下降到2015年末期的低80岁的平均水平。

    A typical implementation will separate a plan’s assets into return-seeking and liability-hedging allocations and will follow a glide path, triggered by achieving levels of funded status, to de-risk the portfolio—moving portions of the return-seeking assets, usually equities, into the liability-hedging allocation, usually fixed-income instruments. “In the last year or so, de-risking activity has been somewhat slower than expected,” says Rene Martel, head of pension solutions at PIMCO, as rates have continued to stay low and pension plans have not hit the triggers.

    资金比率赤字涵盖股价上升,股票市场增长和直接贡献。惠灵顿管理层美国养老金战略主任Amy Morse说:“尽管有一系列的立法变动,但一些公司迄今为止迄今为止取得了贡献。”2015年均衡的预算法案延长了基于25年历史平均值的折扣率的使用。尽管许多计划利用市场速率资金资金不足,但历史较高的基础使其出现更好的资金,减少甚至免于免于强制性资金要求。

    对长期信用证券的传播正在帮助。“价格可能是低的,但曲线长期的企业传播变得非常广泛,”马尔特尔说。这导致了一些计划赞助商,为长期信贷进行分配。“锁定在那个有吸引力的蔓延水平的想法已经从许多赞助商那里获得了一些关注,”他说。

    越来越多的计划赞助商寻找更多的creative ways to improve the funded status by generating higher returns through opportunistic investments in dislocated areas of the market, like high yield bonds and bank loans. Some plans are waiting until they hit their next trigger, while some have an interest in re-risking. “Even though LDI has a structured, systematic approach, it does require a certain amount of active management to generate a certain level of return,” says Suny Park of Janus Capital Group.

    其他计划正在保持投资策略,直到他们击中其下一个失败的触发点,而有些计划对重新冒险有兴趣,特别是如果他们认为利率的潜在不对称使他们缩短了持续时间。“较低的Beta股权战略,收入策略和固定收入信贷战略可以作为桥梁投资的这一角色,”莫尔斯说。寻求加强股票赌注的退货的另一种方法是将合成的长债令令曝光相结合,匹配负债,以市场中立的绝对回报组合。

    Rene Martel.
    Pimco
    艾米莫尔斯
    惠灵顿管理
    阳光公园
    Janus Capital Group

    另一项辩论是LDI是否应主动或被动地管理。“在美国LDI实施早期的被动是被动的初步论据,”马尔特尔说。当时,被动方法的支持者质疑为什么一个人会纳入一定程度的积极风险,这些风险会分散负债的目标。然而,由于投资者获得了更好地了解贴现率方法,因此活跃的LDI成为首选的方法。“折扣率方法隐含地假设您通过假设您避免降级,”他说。““事实上,他们认为你对它非常擅长,而且你避开了每个人。”

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