The Clean Power Plan, President Barack Obama’s proposal for carbon emission reductions that was unveiled June 2, will have implications for investors in coal and clean energy, say energy-focused analysts and asset managers, though most of those ramifications will be region-specific and unlikely to emerge for a few years. Many of those observers add that on the broadest scale the rules probably won’t dramatically hasten the change that the U.S. power generation industry is already confronting.
总统清洁能源的概述旨在将美国电力部门的碳排放量削减到2030年低于2005年低于2005年的30%。一个645页的文件由环境保护局发布上周提出了一种逐个国家来实现这一目标的方法,其中每个州已经给出了自己的碳减少目标,以及最灵活地确定其如何应对其清洁能量目标。The EPA’s proposal anticipates an economic burden on affected industries of up to $8.8 billion per year by 2030, whereas a report released by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce puts the number at $51 billion a year on average — though that report was released before the EPA analysis and assumed a reduction target of 42 percent by 2030. One reason the numbers vary so widely is because states’ implementation of the rules can and will take many forms. The EPA has modeled a few ways in which they can comply, however: States can make coal plants more efficient or shut them down; increase the proportion of natural gas — which produces half as much carbon per unit of electricity as coal — in power generation; keep nuclear power plants open; pursue renewables as a power source; or possibly push for energy efficiency retrofits of commercial and residential buildings to lower the demand for electricity.
“我们认为这可能存在对这一提议的信誉含义,”纽约标准贸易员的信用分析师Michael Ferguson Michael Ferguson表示,纽约州的标准贸易商们涵盖商家能源生产商。“但是我们认为他们可能会发生几年,我们真的不知道每个各国的每个国家都将如何实现这些目标。”
他说,煤炭电厂 - 特别是中西部和东南部的煤炭电厂 - 未来信贷降级的风险最多。这些地区的各国尚未尽快采用自己的环境标准,而他们的电力行业将进一步迎接其目标。在加利福尼亚州和东北部的九个国家参与区域温室气体倡议(加拿大东部)已经设定了自己的碳缩减目标,并且不必改变尽可能多地遵守环保署施加的目标。
史蒂文粪便纽约沃尔夫研究的电力公用事业分析师指出,在不同天然气动力的状态下,煤炭发电厂也比没有气体的状态更容易受到伤害。Fleishman上周在一项研究中写道,“11个州才能从投资组合混合中消除煤炭,因为EPA假设天然气完全取代它。”他补充说,德克萨斯州预计煤炭产量减少了50%的煤炭产量 - 煤重发电公司,在那里有重大市场份额。相比之下,西弗吉尼亚州和肯塔基州没有天然气产业的存在,所以这些国家将不得不摆脱煤炭的目标。
逃离人士补充说,EPA的建议对于核生成公司是积极的,因为该规则使各国对其在考虑关闭的开放核植物的减少目标的信贷。
可再生能源,如风和太阳能,也可以准备好受益,鉴于排放量节省这些电源可以代表。但是,直到各国开始公开其实施计划,他们必须难以弥补,他们必须在2016年6月到申请。
“这应该有助于可再生能源,因为为了达到碳的降低的国家目标,它可能是最古老,最效率低下的单位的删除或季节性的,并且他们可能会用低碳巨型队伍替代那些兆瓦的兆瓦,“说斯蒂芬巴斯是旧金山瑞银的另一种能源分析师。“所说,各国有能选择促进能效计划,许多人也可能占据这条路线。总而言之,可能会有一系列的方法。“
但至少目前,这是欧洲环保署的提案的准备和投票,这对清洁能源部门的重要性,旧金山的研究和咨询公司Cypertech集团首席执行官Sheeraz Haji表示。他认为监管机构的举动可以发出情感转移,提供不情愿的愿意清洁投资者他们缺失的政策保证。据CLENTTECH集团称,2013年投资美元于2013年从前一年下降了15%。Haji表示,干净的电力计划可以帮助确保去年的数字是行业的Nadir。
“我们可以在比五年或十年内更快地看到更多美元的班次,”他说。“我认为它可以在一两年内发生。”
但其他行业专家怀疑市场反应将是迅速或戏剧性的。Rob Romero,Bodfolio Manager的创始人1105百万美元,加利福尼亚州的加利福尼亚州的对冲基金公司结缔组资本管理,该资本管理致力于新兴能源投资的30%,称为排放规则“有点宽大”,并表示他相信他相信环保局’s choice of 2005 as a benchmark year is “somewhat of a concession,” since that year represented a peak in greenhouse gas emissions. Carbon pollution has already fallen 12 percent since then.
Peter Fusaro, an adjunct professor of international and public affairs at Columbia University who researches renewable energy project development and finance and is an investment adviser to hedge fund firms and a former regulator with the U.S. Department of Energy, agrees, calling the EPA carbon plan “window dressing” that isn’t likely to have a discernible effect on speeding up current trends.
“坦率地,能源经济学101已经将针头搬迁,退休煤炭植物,廉价天然气和可再生能源革命,这是持续成长的,”Fusaro说。“他们应该在2030年到2030年更加重要的削减。”
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