Before You Invest: Understanding the Internet of Things

谷歌最近购买巢，互联网连接的恒温器和烟雾探测器的制造商，以32亿美元的现金为32亿美元，刺激了“事物互联网”的兴起更加激动的聊天 - 2013年最具乐观的技术表达式之一。一个福布斯标题问道，“What Does Google’s Purchase of Nest Mean for the Internet of Things?”while the监护人可能在一份编辑会议上度过了整个早晨来提出“How Can Google Feather Its Nest with the Internet of Things?”但是，在某人可能给予那些问题的合理知情答案之前，首先要问，事情是合理的，事情是什么？

一个简单的，生动的例子将是：10月，迪克切尼副总裁副总裁令人惊讶的技术景气要求。他告诉他的医生，在我的起搏器中关掉Wi-Fi。否则，有人可能会破解它并试图杀死他。

切尼以很多东西而闻名 - 沙漠风暴，他的联系到Halliburton，一个令人兴奋的傻枪事故 - 可以说，技术精明几乎从未在其中列出过。然而，前副总统有权禁用他的互联网准备的起搏器的Wi-Fi。两年前，Barnaby Jack - 一位以其原则试图为2013年消除危险的网络而闻名的新西兰黑客，在会议阶段证明了在会议阶段，可以远程控制电脑的医疗设备。任何带有Wi-Fi功能的起搏器的人都旨在提供有关生命体征和其他生物数据的实时更新可能会使将其远程攻击和禁用的风险，有效和完全默默的谋杀手段。（有线电视系列的一集家园made good use of the ideain its second season.)

As devices become smaller and smaller, they’re also becoming smarter and smarter: More and more of the objects with which we surround ourselves contain computers. I’ve mentioned前一列中的可穿戴技术; relevant in the Cheney instance, however, is that the small devices with which we interact minute to minute are increasingly linked by information networks that communicate without our interference, machine to machine.

Ever more of our everyday objects will think and learn all the time, without our oversight. Ingestible electronic pills will dispense intelligent dosages from inside a patient. A fireplace will not only turn on by itself but will also monitor the ambient temperature of your home — or your day-to-day natural gas consumption or the air quality in your neighborhood, to comply with local environmental regulations — and adjust the height of its flames automatically.

This interconnectivity of smart devices is the much-touted Internet of Things (IoT), already hailed as “changing everything” by outlets from the哈佛商业评论到福布斯. The latter cites a Wikibon study that IoT will become a $1.3 billion industry by 2015. The uproar over the innovation has been sustained, though it’s been hard to bat aside the buzzwords and get a sense of what’s really at stake for any number of markets or for the financial sector more generally as it surveys a shift ranked alongside the commercial use of drones and 3-D printing as a game changer.

Examples of IoT are easy to dream up; a smart fireplace or an electronic pill are in fact relatively unimaginative. All new forms of thinking things — from the practical (a credit card that destroys itself if separated from your wallet for more than two hours) to the whimsical (a minidrone that drifts above you on cloudy days and opens an umbrella over your head should it sense a drop of rain) — redistribute active human oversight away from day-to-day tasks. Less discussed is that the Internet of Things also involves a radical alteration of our conception of networked computers, that is, of the Internet itself. We’re used to thinking of the Internet as something we log on to from a screen, a network that lies waiting for us to switch on when we want. But the so-called client-server model is disappearing, taking with it many now calcified forms of industrial organization and outdated forms of data collection and business intelligence. Using the Industrial Internet, asGeneral Electric calls its endeavors在思维机械中，一家公司可以例如control its global supply chain通过接收最新的更新从每个link along the way, from raw resources to the sales floor.

除了销售额之外：手中的任何物体或脚或在消费者口中可能成为可访问的数据来源。这些是事物的结束中断，以造成的方式和消耗。想象一个对象并不难 - 说，牙刷或一对凉鞋 - 返回其制造商的信息，了解它的使用情况，以及其实际过时的速度excellent indicators of future demand这不依赖于消费者报告中的不准确性。如果不难想象那种网络准备好，数据收集的东西，那么它几乎肯定存在或处于原型化。工业互联网（“智能机器”由GE等，以及使这些机器制造的传感器和处理器如此聪明）吸引了想要拥有将拥有富裕，交织丰富的数据的基础设施的公司的投资在地平线上 - 在某些情况下，已经改变了他们的业务组织。

这意味着新市场的出现和快速演变（例如，传感器，例如传感器）和了解现有的机会。商业所有者和投资者越来越多的贸易商知识 - 我们所做的贸易越敏感，迅速，而且我们越来越近来完美套利。随着越来越多的对象被转换为数据的Fount，低延迟信息的速度将继续增加。围绕大数据的发展，统计推断和多维分析继续彻底改变贸易和资本市场。

有一个紧迫的问题：该数据的安全性，以及传输和收集它的对象的隐解。没有或不需要我们许可来调查他们的环境并根据预定义参数进行决定（检测到的雨伞）释放我们克服我们习惯的视野。他们还开辟了一千个新危险的门。随着任何网络上的计算机数量乘以和多样化，所以也是对该网络的潜在访问点，过去的标准端点等桌面和智能手机。

Potential legal battles loom, between businesses and their consumers and between both parties and government. Multiplied is the amount of havoc hackers can wreak, as well as the unprecedented access surveillance, malware and other destructive activities might have to our bank accounts, our businesses, our bodies — that is, to every aspect of our lives. An ATM can be made to spew money, as was shown in another of Barnaby Jack’s demonstrations. It’s a frightening thought, one we’ll have to manage before the Internet of Things will make its way into the world.