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金钱大师,第一部分:赢家

The money managers and investors who took home Institutional Investor’s third annual U.S. Investment Management Awards stick to what they do best, but don’t shy away from doing it.

自1986年他共同创立了纽约的房地产证券经理Cohen&Steers以来,罗伯特Steers曾经被告知以来,他无法在这样一个狭窄的利基中取得成功。Steers及其合作伙伴,Martin Cohen,判断批评者26年,主要在房地产内建立公司,并在2004年去公共之后,他们现在拥有449亿美元的资产。

他们的公式是:投资于产生收入流的证券,有时是通过合同,如房地产投资信托基金和上市基础设施公司。尽管Cohen&Steers最近推出了第六个投资策略—Cohen&Steers Real Assets基金,但该公司仍在使用两个次级顾问来帮助管理投资组合,因为该公司在大宗商品和自然资源股票方面缺乏足够的内部专业知识,而这些股票是该基金的一部分,因此不想开发该基金。”Steers说:“我们保持专注是因为我们想成为产生alpha的20%的管理者。”亚博赞助欧冠. “多样化是失败的一个公式。”

As the Real Estate Investment Trusts Manager of the Year in II’s third annual U.S. Investment Management Awards, which honor money managers in 34 equity, fixed-income and alternative-asset classes, Cohen & Steers is not alone in focusing on what it does best.

其他赢家包括Artisan Partners、Baron Capital Management、贝莱德、摩根大通资产管理公司、太平洋投资管理公司。Rowe Price Associates和Vanguard Group——都是机构投资者的顶级梯队,因为他们出色的长期业绩和抵御市场周期的能力而被选中的——也都致力于做好一两件事,并通过厚积薄发坚持这一纪律。这些杰出的投资者认识到,他们不可能对所有人都是万能的。亚博赞助欧冠

The years since the financial crisis have tested that discipline. Investors have poured money into bond funds and withdrawn it from stocks, looking to ratchet down risk in portfolios decimated in 2008 and early 2009. The one source of inflows within equities has been into index funds, as investors look for low-cost managers that do exactly what they say: track a particular benchmark. But II’s winners have stuck to their knitting. They are the epitome of active managers — sometimes surprisingly so — and have consistently delivered returns above their benchmarks. Their processes are a lesson in how fundamental research, a long-term investing horizon and true talent can provide alpha even in tough times.

获奖者通过在过去三年中已经完善的严格进程选择。今年我们在固定收益和股票中增加了11个新资产课程,以更好地反映机构运行其投资组合的方式。我们将小型股权以及中型和大核对,增长,增长和核心分解,并增加了固定收入桶,包括抵押贷款支持,政府,企业和投资级债券。


2012年美国投资管理奖获奖者
类别 WINNER
Large-Cap Core Equity 转基因
大盘股成长股 J.P. Morgan Asset Management
大型价值权益 道奇&Cox.
中盘核心股票 尚普兰投资伙伴
中盘成长股票 巴隆资本管理
中码价值股权 Artisan Partners
Small-Cap Core Equity Alliancebernstein.
小型增长权益 T. Rowe Price Associates
小型价值权益 Neuberger Berman.
股权索引者 Vanguard Group
Cash Management &
短期固定收益
Payden&Rygel公司
美国固定收益核心加成 保诚固定收益
美国固定收入核心 Pacific Investment Management Co.
美国固定收入公司 卢米斯公司。
美国固定收入政府 井资本管理
美国固定收入高收益率 卢米斯公司。
美国固定收入投资等级 Pacific Investment Management Co.
美国固定收入抵押贷款支持 贝莱德
U.S. Fixed-Income Municipal 西部资产管理公司。
Fixed-Income Indexer Vanguard Group
全球股权 新纪元投资合伙人
Non-U.S. Equity Growth
(前新兴市场)
Artisan Partners
非美国股票价值
(前新兴市场)
蒙德里安投资合伙人
新兴 - 市场股权 Lazard Asset Management
全球固定收益 Brandywine全球投资管理
Non-U.S. Fixed Income
(包括新兴市场)
Pacific Investment Management Co.
商品与能源 State Street全球顾问
Exchange-Traded Funds 贝莱德
对冲基金 Bridgewater Associates
基础设施 J.P. Morgan Asset Management
共同基金公司 Vanguard Group
Private Equity 黑石集团
房地产投资信托 科恩和斯特尔斯
风险投资 红杉资本
今年的金钱经理 贝内特·古德曼,黑石集团,GSO Capital Partners

II通过分析来自白皮的数据,基于纽约的信息,以及超过30个策略,部门和产品类型的其他提供商。数据包括过去一个,三个,五年,十年,标准偏差和夏普和夏季比率的返回。然后,我们询问了超过1000名投资者监督首屈一指的捐赠,基金会,企业和公共养老金计划等机构在每个部门和战略类别中投票。选民被指示不仅基于性能而且对管理人员的信念和纪律,研究能力,风险管理,市场知识和区分它们的其他因素而基于挑选的公司。

奖项也尊重小型和大型公共和公司养老金计划,捐赠和基金会的最佳信托。与用于选择领先的货币管理人员的调查形成鲜明对比,我们纽约的编辑人员独立研究和选择了顶级信托。这种独立性为我们提供了识别擅长提供最佳长期绩效的个人的机会,展示了他们的投资组合政策和投资方法的创新,以及其领域的领导者。

如果经理经常在不确定时代赚取他们的保留,今年的一些获奖者发现困难的困难。欧洲继续债务问题,美国未来增长周围的摇摇欲坠的经济增长都是在2012年第二季度进入管理人员的权衡管理人员。但是利率继续悬停在历史的低点,而投资者正在寻找收益率。

Mark Weisdorf,基础设施投资主管J.P.摩根资产管理的全球实际资产集团表示,他的部门担任投资者寻求低产固定收入投资的替代品,并发现机场等基础设施的景点。“即使在困难的时期,人们也使用公用事业,天然气和废水厂,”Weisdorf说,其公司是今年的基础设施经理。“投资者需要一个更高的收入来源,但没有太多的风险:波动性的风险和没有收入的风险。”他认为基础设施将成为投资者投资组合的大部分,因为未来十到15年。基础设施也是对抗通货膨胀的对冲,这是投资者的越来越关注。

尽管总部位于加利福尼亚州纽波特海滩的债券巨头太平洋投资管理公司(Pimco)进军股市,但它仍在以一种专注的方式,利用其固定收益方面的专长。全球股票主管尼尔卡什卡里(neelkashkari)表示,从新战略一开始,该公司就希望其股票投资组合经理利用信贷分析师提供的信息。这样一来,太平洋投资管理公司(Pimco)——美国固定收益核心公司、美国固定收益投资级公司、非美国和新兴市场年度固定收益管理公司——就可以区分其股票发行。

Kashkari说,Pimco对股票的股票方面的方法将藐视传统分类。他解释说,该公司已经推出了四个股权和无约束的固定收入策略,其投资组合管理人员不符合风格的盒子。“你不会看到我们提供一些大量的美国战略,”克什卡里说,2009年12月加入Pimco,以推动股票。“并非所有客户都准备用于全球无约束的投资,但我们认为GO-Anywhere授权将实现最佳表现。”

金融危机的影响仍然在货币管理行业内颠覆。但是,对于一个人来说,Ron Baron一直受益于震颤。虽然银行正在铺设研究人员,但该年度中央地图资本的创始人,该年度的中央地图增长股权经理,借此机会扩大和雇用。五年前,纽约的公司拥有77名员工;现在它有112。

Baron, a longtime fundamental growth investor who spends many hours with the CEOs and other top managers of the companies in which he invests, is still hiring. Prospective analysts and portfolio managers need to think long-term, because the flagship Baron Growth Fund holds its positions, on average, for seven years — compared with an average holding period of one year for the typical mutual fund. Baron also takes a long-term approach to running his business, doing everything he can to encourage employees to stay with the firm. “The most successful businesses invest in themselves during difficult times,” he says.

坚持纪律并不意味着忽视茶nges in the markets. Henry Ellenbogen, manager of the oldest small-cap fund in the U.S., Baltimore-based T. Rowe Price’s New Horizons Fund, looks for potential investments in unusual places, including the private market. Ellenbogen says that as a buyer of small-cap companies, he has to keep up with private businesses that may go public one day and become candidates for his fund. Some have dubbed Ellenbogen one of the most powerful people in Silicon Valley: If T. Rowe, the Small-Cap Growth Equity Manager of the Year, is paying attention to a start-up, it is likely to go public. The firm has made investments in once privately held companies such as Angie’s List, Facebook and Zynga, and led a $15 million financing round for oDesk Corp., which helps companies with virtual workforces.

今年的顶级货币管理人员也很容易冒险。GIRI透明,JPMORGAN大量增长基金的投资组合经理,据说一个投资组合经理如何监督风险与他或她选择证券的能力一样重要。“I’m as much of a risk manager as a portfolio manager,” explains Devulapally, a trained engineer who designed and developed software systems after graduating from the University of Illinois and worked at T. Rowe Price for six years before joining J.P. Morgan in 2003. He says there are three risks in growth investing: missing the really great stocks, not missing the disasters and “just hanging in there” when times are challenging.

去年对今年的大型增长股权经理J.P.摩根挑战,尽管它的大量增长战略不是通过预测大图趋势而导致的,但是通过分析公司的基本特征。“我们去年通过试图生存,而不是茁壮成长,”透明的。然而,目前,他正在寻找更多的投资机会。

艺术家合作伙伴,中型价值股权和非美国展出的纪律。股权增长(前新兴市场)今年的经理反映了它的信念,即投资世界中只有这么多好的想法。密尔沃基公司在识别良好的想法和了解何时销售时非常关心。“What distinguishes us is that you have to take risk, but let’s be careful with the risk we take,” says James Kieffer, co–portfolio manager of Artisan’s Small Cap Value Fund, Mid Cap Value Fund, Artisan Value Fund and the firm’s U.S. value separate-account portfolios. “You’re wrong with greater frequency than your ego might want to admit, and you need a margin of safety,” he adds.

为此,Artisan使用定性和定量屏幕。一些,例如低的预订和低的价格到现金比率,是司空见惯的。其他人,包括公开交易公司,分拆和剥离的内幕活动,较少。Kieffer说,艺术家最有用的屏幕之一是一个所谓的每日下跌竞赛名单,其中包括遭受其价格下降的大百分比下降的股票。

基弗与价值经理斯科特•萨特怀特(Scott Satterwhite)和乔治•塞特(George Sertl)共事了20年,他寻找的是资产负债表强劲、销售折扣大的现金生产企业。他还寻求流动性和灵活性。”我们想要更好,更安全,更便宜,”基弗说。

为了保护流程的完整性不受市场压力的影响,Artisan的客户群比大多数管理者要小,设定了更高的最低客户数,并建立了坚实的基础设施。其目标是确保其投资组合经理尽可能少地离开工作岗位,与客户见面并完成类似的任务。

年度GMO的大型核心股权经理长期拥有丰富的深度重点。“We’re trying to understand what areas of the market are currently undervalued and therefore what is the mechanism by which we can get paid for owning those segments in the market,” says Sam Wilderman, co-head of the Boston-based GMO quantitative equity team and lead manager for U.S. quantitative portfolios. In the middle part of the past decade, GMO determined that traditionally cheap stocks were no longer priced to give the return they had historically. In contrast, high-quality stocks of companies with very stable profitability and low levels of leverage were priced extremely attractively.

“在我们对美国股票的投资中,我们已经敞口了最高质量的名字,”Wilderman说。

This past year GMO’s valuation process gave signals to position portfolios in the safest stocks. “Not that we predicted the events of 2011,” adds Thomas Hancock, Wilderman’s co-head and lead manager for international quantitative portfolios. Investors sold off riskier assets, and GMO eked out a small gain. Hancock emphasizes that the firm is not a closet indexer. “If we’re neutral on a stock, we don’t own it,” he says.

投资者have been looking to bond shops like Pasadena, California–based Western Asset Management Co., U.S. Fixed-Income Municipal Manager of the Year, to do good, old-fashioned fixed-income research, something that was missing in the run-up to the credit crisis. “People woke up to the risk in public finance,” says Robert Amodeo, portfolio manager on Wamco’s municipal bond team. He says investors are increasingly recognizing that the firm has long ignored credit ratings as factors in its analysis and instead has looked fundamentally at each credit, asking questions about a state or municipality’s budget and other fiscal measures.

还接受投资者审查是货币市场资金的管理者,那些普通的香草投资,专为2008年经验丰富的短期现金,当时储备初级基金“破坏了降压”,其净资产价值下降低于1.00美元。“多年前的现金是敷衍的,”Payden&Rygel,现金管理和短期固定收入经理联合创始人Joan Payden表示,即年度。“但现在这是一家咨询业务。”Payden解释说,她的洛杉矶的公司与公司的金融和财政部队合作,以定制现金管理产品。她补充说,虽然投资者对全球战略感兴趣,但有新的风险,包括当地货币周围的那些和低利率环境。

Joshua Gotbaum, head of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. and this year’s Outstanding Achievement Award winner, has turned his experience as an investment banker at Lazard Frères & Co. working with distressed companies into a job saving pensions. He too sees himself as more than a passive steward of other people’s money. “We know how to be an active creditor,” Gotbaum says of the PBGC.

Daniel Fuss, Lifetime Achievement Award winner and vice chairman of Loomis, Sayles & Co., is the epitome of an active investor. He’s obsessed with what he calls specific security selection, negotiates for a low price when buying and holds bonds for four or five years.

Bridgewater Associates连续第二年获得对冲基金类奖项,同时也是全球最大的对冲基金公司(见第70页,story),正采用过去30年来一直采用的那种广泛战略思维。Bridgewater的全球宏观纯阿尔法策略基金是全球表现最好的对冲基金之一。”我们是有系统的,”联席首席投资官罗伯特•普林斯(robertprince)表示所以我们努力工作  他补充说,现在改变的是“世界对其中一些事情的接受程度”,指的是大多数投资组合经理倾向于做多股票普林斯说:“世界正在摆脱这种状况,思考如何构建一个没有这种系统偏见的投资组合。”。

事实上,Bridgewater有一个所谓的风险预算工具,其中包括一个偏差发现工具,这样客户就可以在他们的投资组合或经理人的回报中准确地发现系统性偏差——比如,小盘股做多的趋势。普林斯说,该公司看到使用该工具的客户数量大幅增加。”以前,当我们提起这个话题时,人们会看着我们说,‘是的,这很有趣,’ ” 王子笑道现在你提起它,他们说,‘哦,当然。’世界已经走了很长的路。人们对推动回报的因素的思考方式发生了重大转变,在试图避免这些系统性偏见方面也发生了重大转变。”

Though BlackRock, U.S. Fixed-Income Mortgage-Backed and Exchange-Traded Funds Manager of the Year, has expanded into equities and alternatives through acquisitions and organic growth, the firm was launched on the back of its founders’ mortgage expertise and still uses these fundamental analytical abilities to give it an edge in the mortgage markets.

基于纽约的Blackrock的证券化资产联合主管兰迪罗伯逊表示,该公司的进程仍然由两个主要特征定义。一个是它能够采取基本和技术方法来分析证券。“我们看看抵押贷款起源和抵押贷款服务在地上发生了什么,”他说。“我们将这一点纳入了我们的表现意见。”

The second is BlackRock’s ability to capture and analyze data on mortgage bonds and other fixed-income instruments. Looking forward, though, Robertson says the biggest issue facing the industry is the changing rules that have resulted from the politics surrounding the mortgage crisis. “It’s hard to play the game when rules are changing,” he says.

然而,一条不断变化的华尔街已经为买边创造了开放,特别是GSO Capital Partners,Blackstone Group的信用臂。本年度为480亿八亿八亿美元的资本合作伙伴和II款货币经理的联合创始人介绍了该公司如何利用华尔街从法规和其他变革的新约束。纽约的GSO表示,在Drexel Burnham Lambert在Drexel Burnham Lambert做出现在被称为杠杆式买断融资的职业生涯的善意,成为华尔街缩水的最大资本供应商之一。“我们与客户嫁给了我们的资金,”他说。“我们与摩根斯文尼斯和世界上的金银母和世界的德意志银行密切合作。”例如,GSO为去年提供了Citigroup的融资,以控制来自Terra Firma Capital Partners的EMI,并将音乐出版单位销售给索尼公司领导的集团。

甚至Vanguard是由索引Bogle,Inver Index Fund的发明者创立的股东拥有的共同基金公司正在展开积极投资的限制范围内的美德。要肯定的是,基于宾夕法尼亚州的普斯尼亚州的福尔斯州普通基金公司仍然是日益流行的指数基金的最大供应商,包括交易所交易资金。它的被动产品一直在获得投资者的资金,而其活跃的资金是净失败者。但该公司拥有一个致力于寻找最佳活跃经理的研究小组,然后借方借鉴Vanguard基金。“投资者投资组合的一个地方为积极资金,”Cio George(Gus)Sauter说,“活跃是许多投资组合的一个很好的补充”。•