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Comparisons Between U.S. and Japan Are Overstated

The U.S. should be able to avoid a Japan-style lost decade. Europe, however, won't be so lucky.

此博客是InstitulyalInvestor.com上新系列的一部分全球市场思想领袖,一个平台,提供分析,评论和深入了解全球市场和经济的主要金融机构。我们在这个新部分的贡献者之一是Blackrock,它将提供分析和洞察固定收入。

When considering a future of slow economic growth and low nominal interest rates, and particularly one that resulted largely from the bursting of a property price bubble and increasing debt levels, it’s natural to want to turn to the past 20 years in Japan to think about economic lessons for other developed countries today.

目前,我们认为,由于美国持有了几个有利的经济和人口尾风,我们认为美国不会认为美国不认为美国正在落下日本在过去几十年中遍历的经济道路。

当我们比较美国和日本的核心CPI和10-year government bond yields, using an 11-year lag (U.S. beginning in 1991 and Japan in 1980), the metrics follow a remarkably similar trajectory. At the same time, the governments of both countries saw budgetary balances that appeared to be on similar paths, and the velocity of money in both countries’ economies (US beginning in 1995 and Japan in 1984) also followed a similar (downward sloping) path. On this latter similarity, both Japanese and US banking sector balance sheets were impaired largely by real estate-related holdings and today higher capital requirements and a higher cost of funding may keep money velocity growth muted for some time. Finally, as Japan’s asset price bubble deflated in the 1990s the country’s labor market saw a doubling in the use of temporary workers (to near 6.5 percent of the labor force), which then remained at this high level for more than a decade. The U.S. has also seen a marked uptick in the use of temporary labor (yet still only 1.9 percent of the work force overall) since 2009, and we’ve argued previously that this cost-containing measure may become a more permanent feature of our labor markets as well.

然而,重要的是,不夸张日本的情况与美国的情况,因为他们的经济局势也有一些深刻的差异。其中职位是,日本在1950年展示的人口统计外形日本展示了一个经济尾风,这是在随后的四十年中推动其增长,已经褪色,在几十年来的情况下预计会变得有意义地变得更糟。相比之下,美国的人口动态更强大,而且可以说出该国今天拥有发达国家最好的人口概况(见图1)。另一个值得注意的差异是美国公司部门的实力仍然表现出高度高度的技术创新,强大的新业务创作,以及相对于许多开发的市场同行的高效和移动劳动力。例如,通过比较各地区的总公司股权股权展示了这种强度,这在欧洲的12%临近17%附近,但日本只有6%。

Figure 1: Percent Cumulative Labor Force Growth (ages 15-64)
More Favorable for the US

图1
资料来源:德意志银行

此外,在美国,我们似乎在商业和住宅房地产价格中发现了一个新的楼层,与日本房地产价格不同,这继续表现出在巅峰之后甚至超过十年的下降。此外,金融和非金融企业部门都在美国案件中更快地享有更快的救济,而且许多公司也已被定义其债务期限,以减轻近期市场的流动性。美国的企业部门也通过变得更加壮大和更高效的经济放缓,而日本公司从未以可比的方式则真正回应了他们的国家自己的不适。因此,虽然我们认为美国在储存近期增长的储存中,但秋季选举和迫在眉睫的“财政悬崖”增添了有意义的不确定性,甚至这种适度的增长证据表明,避免了类似日本经验的多十年的停滞时间。不幸的是,正如我们在本文的下一部分中讨论的那样,欧元区可能无法逃脱这一命运。

Rick Rieder是Blackrock的固定收入的首席投资官,基本投资组合。

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