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Why Fund Firms Are Gunning for China
金融市场改革正在帮助外国资金进入这个曾经非常困难、封闭的市场。
Aries Tung is a numbers guy. The head of strategy and business development for UBS Group’s asset management unit in China, Tung set up a private fund business there last year despite already having a mutual fund company under a Chinese joint venture. Why? His reply can be summed up in a single word: 120.
That’s how many times assets managed by UBS SDIC Fund Management Co. — the joint venture in which the Swiss bank holds a 49 percent stake — multiplied in the past 12 years, explains Tung, in an interview with亚博赞助欧冠在香港。他回顾了他在2005年宣传合资企业首个零售业的首次零售业的首次零售业的开始,以及中国国家发展和投资公司的多数资产在瑞银公司的管理下,每年才立即站在2.5亿美元。
Tung说,今天,合资企业的资产占300亿美元。“这表明了中国业务的增长潜力。”
He predicts that UBS’s new private fund business, which targets high-net-worth individuals and corporate clients, can similarly soar 120 times in the next decade, as China has begun welcoming foreign investors without requiring them to set up shop under a joint venture majority-owned by a Chinese company. The market reform has stirred palpable excitement among global asset managers, who see the opening up of the world’s second-largest economy benefiting their own pockets.
A学习released in November by Deloitte’s Casey Quirk research unit said that nearly half of the net new money added to the global asset management industry will flow into China by 2019, when the country will overtake the U.K. as the world’s second-largest market for fund firms. Assets under management in China will top $17 trillion到2030年根据该报告,与美国市场在20世纪90年代初期站立的地方相当。
主要的全球基金公司长期以来一直秉承中国市场的潜力和他们提供的商机 - 如果只有那么多政府限制。
Z-Ben Advisors是一家以来中国政府2016年6月以来寻求全国外资企业许可的机会,至少有30家公司跳跃了一家基于上海的咨询公司公告资产管理公司能操作它endently. Previously, foreign fund managers had to operate through joint ventures under which they were restricted to a maximum equity stake of 49 percent. In November vice finance minister Zhu Guangyao said China would remove limits on foreign ownership for local banks and asset managers, according to a Reutersreport.
市场开放措施意味着外国公司将不受限制地访问中国4000亿美元的市场,包括高净值和机构投资者。亚博赞助欧冠资产管理人员正在使用不同的策略来追逐这些资产,最近,Z-Ben数据显示,只有四家拥有完全外资许可证的公司在中国推出了新的资金:富达国际,alternative manager Man Group, UBS, and Hong Kong–based hedge fund价值合作伙伴组.根据Z-Ben的说法,富达一直是大门中最具侵略性的大门,今年有三个新资金,包括股权基金和投资固定收入的股票。
“我们对中国非常看涨 - 这将是第二大资产管理市场,肯定的是,中国忠诚国际国家负责人杰克逊李在香港公司办事处采访时表示。“我们不能说它是多大的,但它将成为未来几年的增长市场。我们很长。“
与瑞银不同,富达国际未在市场上设立合资企业,重点关注建立独立业务。Fidelity’s new China Equity No. 1 Private Fund and China Bond Opportunity Private Funds No. 1 and No. 2 are a breakthrough for the firm in that they were raised from Chinese clients, according to Daisy Ho, the firm’s managing director in charge of operations in Asia ex-Japan. Previously, Fidelity’s business in China primarily assisted global investors who wanted exposure to Chinese equity.
该公司通过所谓的外国机构投资者,这是中国市场的大道,允许大型外国投资者购买众多陆上股票的批准配额,以众所周知的外国机构投资者计划管理大约12亿美元。亚博赞助欧冠富达国际also has a 460 million-renminbi (about $72 million) onshore investment pool through a separate program that permits managers to raise renminbi-denominated funds in Hong Kong for international investors seeking exposure to China’s fixed-income markets or stocks listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges.
“我们目前的大多数AUM都来自对中国曝光感兴趣的全球客户,”加里蒙古,富达国际在香港的投资总监。“我们非常兴奋,我们现在可以将我们的产品分发给国内高净值个人和机构投资者。”亚博赞助欧冠
据Monaghan称,富达国际在中国股权曝光中拥有约230亿美元的中国股权曝光,包括其基金。该公司避免与中国国家建立合资企业,因为顶级管理人员希望全面控制其运营。相反,李某表示,他们在中国建立了在中国的存在,并为未来的市场增长,李说。
“我们对中国业务的看法与竞争对手不同,”他解释道我们不说五年后我们要达到什么目标。对我们来说,关键是展望未来10年到20年,建立一个系统,使我们能够以不同的方式为客户服务。”
据何鸿燊介绍,在外资基金管理公司中,富达国际在华员工人数最多。她指出,该公司约有500人在大连的一个中心工作,大连是朝鲜半岛附近的一个北方港口城市。富达商业服务(大连)为亚洲的公司办公室提供服务,包括该公司在日本的大型销售和基金管理单位。
“去年大连为大连十周年,”浩说。“我们雇用了当地人。这些人可以提供一系列亚洲的增值服务。“
With such a large staff, Fidelity’s service center is well equipped to assist future clients in China, notes Ho. “The three new funds are just the beginning of our road map for China,” she says. “We also want to serve Chinese investors’ retirement and wealth management needs.”
富达国际’s new private funds business is based in Shanghai, where in 2004 the firm opened an office run by the same team that manages funds on behalf of its global clients. The head count in Shanghai is about 20, mostly analysts and portfolio managers, according to Ho.
“我们在上海的分析师是我们全球团队的一员,”富达的李说许多为外国合资企业工作的分析师只关注中国,但富达有一个全球整合平台,使分析师能够将目光投向中国以外的地区。”李开复说,富达的全球研究为其在华分析师提供了“跨不同国家和行业的价值链”的洞察力
在最近在伦敦的全球研究团队会议上,中国富达在上海的办事处的分析师加入了全球同行,讨论投资主题。“关键是全球洞察力,”富达的蒙古汉说。“当电动汽车的主题出现时,中国的分析师提出了许多介绍。”
Moving the Needle
基金经理正在采取不同的方法在中国开展业务。例如,JPMORGAN Chase&Co.的资产管理部门于二零一六年九月九月获得全资企业许可,成为第一位持有一个国外经理。但该公司尚未推出单一基金。
Michael Falcon, J.P. Morgan Asset Management’s CEO of the Asia-Pacific region, says China is a long-term strategy and the firm is still preparing to set up a new fund through its wholly owned operations there. “Both as a global economy and as an asset management market, China is poised to take center stage,” Hong Kong–based Falcon writes in an email. “Powerful growth drivers such as the emergence of institutional investors and households’ evolution from saving to investing suggest that China’s long-term prospects for investment growth may exceed the U.S. and European markets.”
Ordinary investors and high-net-worth individuals “will power China’s growth,” accounting for more than half of the nation’s assets under management by 2030, according to the Casey Quirk report.
法尔肯表示,中国中产阶级的强劲增长将对中国资产管理行业的扩张做出有意义的贡献。他补充说,想要全面参与这一“动态市场”的全球资产管理公司必须有正确的战略方针,“一个欣赏中国在岸商业生态系统的战略方针是庞大、复杂和完全独特的。”
根据Falcon的说法,J.P. Morgan资产管理通过依靠香港,上海和台北的18名投资专业人士队伍来说,在中国视为独立的陆上市场。他们管理跨境投资策略,最重要的是国内中国投资者的利益。
The firm has three strategic approaches to China. First, there’s “China for China,” in which there will be funds with specific themes for Chinese investors seeking to invest onshore; “China for the World,” with fund themes for global investors targeting the country; and “World for China,” which will offer global opportunities for Chinese investors, according to Falcon. As part of this effort, Falcon says J.P. Morgan Asset Management is expanding its trading and research capabilities while hiring more risk officers to prepare for a “massive buildout” in the months ahead.
“China is the only new market in the world that can move the AUM needle,” says张磊德Z-Ben Advisor董事总经理,在电话面试中。“如果Blackrock想要成长,那就不会去马来西亚或阿根廷进行增长,而是对中国而言,因为这是让你的AUM成长的地方。”
贝莱德,世界上最大的资产管理公司,已来华设立外商独资企业经营。据香港黑石公司的发言人辛西娅·吴说,该公司去年年底管理了约6兆3000亿美元,在圣诞节时获得了许可证。Ng拒绝就公司的计划发表进一步评论。
Winning Market Share
外国资产经理在中国赢得大量市场份额的良好机会,因为投资者在融资时往往没有民族主义,并寻找最佳表演者,请注意亚历山大。“中国投资者将奖励那些给他们回报的人,”他说。“中国金融市场是一种宗教团体。”
亚历山大表示,大多数全国外商企业都为全国4000亿美元的私人基金市场充斥,其资产与高净值个人和企业客户联系在一起。但是,当中国当局允许外国人可以获得零售共同基金市场的零售价为1.8万亿美元,这是一个更大的市场等待着它们的几年。据亚历山大人称,到2022年,将允许在他们在中国设立的125个合资企业中购买他们的中国合作伙伴 - 或者开始自己的基金业务。
他认为,拥有全球市场洞察力和广泛资产类别投资经验的外国公司很有可能获得可观的市场份额——在未来十年内高达25%。”中国是让人们兴奋的市场之一,”亚历山大说,他补充说,在最近的一次美国和欧洲之行中,数十家基金公司的首席执行官与他接触,他们希望更多地了解中国的市场改革。他们正在征求他关于是否应该在中国开店的意见。”我说‘是的,它令人兴奋,发展迅速,规模很大,但问题是它如何融入你们的全球计划?’”亚历山大说如果中国真的是一个市场,你作为一个组织,那么是的,进入早而不是晚。”
【二】深潜:Man Group Forms First Onshore Fund in China]
总部位于约翰内斯堡的银行和资产管理公司天达(Investec)是尚未在中国获得外商独资企业许可证的公司之一,但这并不意味着其分析师或投资组合经理对市场潜力的兴趣有所减弱。”中国并非对全球市场免疫,但它与全球市场的关联性并不是那么高,”总部位于香港的股票分析师、天达全中国股票基金(Investec All China equity Fund)投资组合经理助理马文昌(Wenchang Ma)表示它为全球投资者提供了多样化的好处。”
MA指出,中国有自己的市场周期,最近的熊市是2015年底和2016年初的大规模更正,看到了上海深圳沪深300指数plummet by as much as 45 percent. The CSI, which was at 4,337 on January 22, had gained 46 percent from the trough of 2,964, in February 2016.
马云在接受电话采访时说:“中国正在看到新经济的强劲增长,例如服务业和消费业,它们现在占国内生产总值的一半。”过去十年,中国经济向消费服务型经济转型,这种趋势将持续到未来几年。”
China’s economy增长6.9%数据显示,2017年,年GDP 7年来首次加速增长路透社.MA说,最重要的因素是供应方改革,并指出他们是由中央政府决定遏制钢铁,煤炭和其他老经济产业的超额产量的决定。“旧经济公司正在康复,”她说。“我们看到现金流程改进。我们看到更多有更多钱的公司偿还债务。“
允许外国基金会全部拥有中国的业务,是最新的监管改革鼓励机构投资者。亚博赞助欧冠
Since 2015 foreign investors have had direct access to Chinese equity markets through an equity trading program known asStock Connect将香港证券交易所与上海和深圳交易所联系起来。这使得他们可以通过香港交易所交易香港股票,反过来,中国投资者可以在上海和深圳交易美国股票。类似的香港中国债券连接项目允许外国投资者进入中国。固定收入市场Stratton Street Capital估计为10万亿美元,仅次于美国和日本,居世界第三。
所有这些改革都受到全球的欢迎。摩根士丹利资本国际,股票指数公司,宣布last year that it would include Chinese equities, known as A shares, in its emerging markets indices. And Citigroup’s emerging markets indices and regional government bond indices announced inMarch 2017他们将增加中国债券。
MSCI’s upcoming inclusion of Chinese A shares has prompted hedge fund manager Value Partners Group — which recently launched an onshore fund for Chinese investors — to consider opening an office in the U.S., according to Value Partners CEO欧景伦.“美国是世界上最大的资本市场,”澳大利亚在一封电子邮件中说。“随着待定的MSCI股票纳入,我们预计对中国投资暴露的需求的不断增加。”
澳大利亚may be prescient. There is no question that China’s financial market reforms will help investors gain traction in the Chinese markets, which for so long have been so difficult to conquer. Conversely, China-based asset managers, like Value Partners, may find the reforms to be a catapult for their global ambitions.
这是一个良性的圈子,只开始形成。