401（k）计划开始作为补充储蓄计划，但现在是雇主向美国工人提供的主要退休计划。今天，大多数401（k）次旨在帮助参与者节省和投资退休金 - 但不太专注于如何帮助那些实际退休的人。这种原始的401（k）概念的缺点现已积极由已经实现的雇主和计划管理员解决了计划参与者和赞助商的巨大上行，因为退休人员在计划中仍然有活跃的参与者。为了鼓励“剩余的人”，401（k）计划正在转变为包括专门旨在满足个人退休人员各种需求的退休级。我最近坐下来with Toni Brown, CFA, senior retirement strategist at Capital Group®，讨论有效退休层的不断发展的最佳实践以及为什么退休人员应该坚持他们的401（k）计划。
How do 401(k) plans need to evolve to be ideal for participants staying in them after retirement?
Participants remaining in the plan during retirement should be able to make flexible, systematic withdrawals, provided at a reasonable fee, over a period of time. Further, participants should have access to investment options that are managed specifically for them when they are in retirement and taking these systematic withdrawals. Investing retirement funds when periodic withdrawals are being taken is very different from investing when periodic contributions are being added. Taking money out rather than putting money in is a game changer from an investment perspective, in part because the risks of market declines and volatility become significantly more important. A 401(k) plan can offer investment options that are designed for retirees and that are liquid, durable, and understandable. Plan sponsors could also consider offering an annuity bidding platform out-of-plan so participants have reasonable access to guaranteed income options.最终，提供退休人员，获得保证收入的预算，适当的提款备选方案计划，并确保计划提供合理的系统提款可以实现有效退休计划的长途途径。
Can you expand a bit on why systematic withdrawals are important to staying in the plan after retirement?
考虑一项定义的福利计划，每月支付退休人员。退休人员预计这些付款是定期和一致的...类似于薪水。现在，定义的缴费计划是主要退休计划，他们需要以类似的方式运作。退休人员应该能够确定他们需要撤回的百分比，以某种意义地模仿薪水。如果退休人员决定每年需要撤回4％的退休储蓄，他们应该能够定制该计划的方式。他们可能在每年开始时撤出整个4％。或者，它们可能在每个季度开始时需要1％，或者每月分发它。目标是以一致和规则的方式退休人员可以获得退休储蓄，以便他们可以为退休生活提供资金。
假设这些选项是可用的，还有什么可能诱使参与者留在退休后计划？
信托监督和较低的费用是参与者退休后留在计划的优秀障碍。该计划赞助商是监测投资并在适当时进行更改的受托人。通过机制上价投资，投资选择可能会较低。
如何计划赞助商利益通过提供一个滚开吗ective retirement tier option?
Offering a 401(k) plan that can be used to save for retirement and then used in retirement is unusual today – and such a plan could be positioned as a very valuable tool for recruiting and retaining talented employees. An effective retirement plan is a meaningful way for employers to demonstrate a long-term commitment to employees. It is also probable that there would be a benefit from cost-effective administration because the greater the assets of the plan, the lower the per-participant costs to manage it.
退休层概念为时已晚，无法帮助目前接近退休的参与者？
绝对不是太晚！临近退休今天退休的参与者可以从退休层中受益，并能够留在计划中。无论保存的金额 - 而且，当然，更好的是，退休层可以帮助退休的参与者了解并投资他们的资产。
在美国的社会水平上有多重要？
一项有效的工作美国人退休制度很重要。退休层可以帮助改变定义的贡献计划，例如401（k），从Mere Complemental储蓄计划到完全发展退休计划。精心设计的退休计划是退休人员成功的基础，他们的成功对我们所有人都有益。
Get more tips on how to adapt investment menus and recordkeeping arrangements to serve retirees.
投资不是FDIC保险，银行或任何其他实体的存款也不是或保证，因此它们可能会失去价值。
Investors should carefully consider investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses. This and other important information is contained in the fund prospectuses and summary prospectuses, which can be obtained from a financial professional and should be read carefully before investing.
归因于个人的陈述代表了截至发布日期的个人的意见，不一定反映资本集团或其附属公司的意见。此信息旨在突出问题，不应被视为建议，认可或建议。
由美国资金之家的资本集团开发的这一内容不应被用作投资决策的主要基础，并不旨在作为公正的投资或信托咨询。
通过美国资金经销商，Inc。提供的证券。
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